Abstract
Background: Opioid - related morbidity and
mortality disproportionately affect underserved populations in the United
States, reflecting gaps in access to coordinated mental health and substance
use care. While integrated care models have gained attention, the specific role
of physician - led mental health interventions in mitigating opioid - related
harm across underserved settings has not been comprehensively synthesized. Methodology:
This mixed-methods scoping review followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines to examine
physician-led mental health interventions and opioid outcomes in underserved US
populations. We systematically searched electronic databases and grey
literature for interventional, observational, and implementation studies
published 2000–2025. Data were extracted on intervention types, physician
roles, and clinical outcomes, followed by a narrative synthesis. Results:
Physician-led integrated care significantly reduced opioid misuse, overdoses,
and hospitalizations while improving treatment retention and mental health
symptoms. Longitudinal data showed trends toward reduced mortality. These
interventions mitigated access disparities in underserved regions by addressing
specialist shortages. Despite implementation challenges like reimbursement and
workforce constraints, team-based models and integrated workflows proved
essential for sustainable delivery and reduced healthcare utilization. Conclusion:
Physician-led integrated care improves access, coordination, and outcomes for
underserved populations, addressing workforce shortages and promoting
sustainable responses to the opioid crisis.